BREAKING THE CULTURE OF SILENCE: A DIG INTO MENTAL HEALTH CHALLENGES AMONG GAMBIAN WOMEN
As the world commemorates the 2025 International Women's Day, we examine the silent struggle many Gambian women face. The mental health challenges that are often hidden behind the pressures of daily life. From the isolation of postpartum depression to the scars left by gender-based violence. Women continue to fight secret battles. Yet, in a society where emotional vulnerability is seen as a weakness, they continue to endure in silence. In this piece, we dig deep into their struggles and narrate their experiences as they break the silence. We engage experts on what could be done for the many women fighting battles in their matrimonial homes. What truly needs to be done - a question for all to respond to.THE CHALLENGE Mental health remains a taboo topic in the country, especially for women, who are expected to be resilient caretakers while managing work, family, and societal expectations. For many, the burden becomes too heavy to carry alone but women facing monumentally disparaging conditions often struggle in silence.We visited Fatou Mbaye at Serrekunda, a mother of four who is a local food vendor. She said waking up at 5 a.m. is a daily routine, no matter how tired she might be.She rushes to the market, navigating the chaos to buy ingredients for the breakfast she sells to make ends meet and boost the family's income. It's a never-ending pressure, with scorching heat weighing her down as she stirs pots to serve customers and answer the endless calls of her four children. The weight of a wife, mother, and local food vendor is a crushing responsibility, yet no one sees the cracks forming beneath her forced smile.In anxiety, her mind constantly spinning with ‘worry over how to keep going’, in a society where women are expected to be strong, resilient, and silent. And for her, it's a matter of finding a way to survive it.‘After preparing the breakfast I sell, I bathe my children and get them ready for school. Then, I head out to run my small breakfast business. I return home around noon and quickly rush to the market to buy ingredients for lunch.’Fatou Mbaye, a mother of four who volunteered to narrate her experience as a house wife and street vendor 'After that, I take care of household chores and start cooking. I pause midway to pick up my children from school, then return home to finish preparing lunch before my husband gets back from work’ She recounts. Stress has been normalised to the point where women believe they must endure it without complaint. Fatou said if she speaks up, she risks being labelled as weak or ungrateful.‘The stress can be overwhelming, sometimes reaching a point where you feel anxious and emotionally drained, leading to mental exhaustion. Living under such pressure can be incredibly tough. Women go through so much, carrying heavy burdens every day.’‘Imagine waking up at 5 a.m. and working nonstop until 9 p.m. - that kind of routine is exhausting. Men should support their women in every possible way. If they can't provide financially, they should at least offer peace, encouragement, and emotional support’ Fatou said.WHAT ARE THE EXPERTS SAYING?As the world amplifies the voices of women, one conversation remains critical—the mental health crisis silently consuming women who carry the weight of their world alone. Even though calls are always made for the protection of women's rights, not much sensitisation is done to help women get over their internal crises, as many of them do not recognize that their feelings are rooted in mental health struggles.Madam Fatou Kinneh Kantara, a senior psychology lecturer at the University of The Gambia, said the burden of untold struggles can lead to severe mental distress. She emphasized the importance of respecting, protecting, and providing counselling for women, highlighting that unspoken pain often weighs heavier than visible wounds.‘The best thing about dealing with stressful issues is to discuss it. You have to talk to professionals about it, somebody who can actively listen to you and give you a safe space. Women should be celebrated, respected, loved and kind too.’‘Women have to be kind to each other as well, love and support each other mentally and physically. These are important things. If a woman is not comfortable, if they are going through any problem the whole family will suffer,’ the psychology expert said.EXPERIENCE OF A NEW MOTHERFor new mothers, the challenge is even more profound. Postpartum depression (PPD) affects many women, but in Gambian society, the topic is rarely discussed. New mothers are expected to be joyful and grateful, and anything less is often seen as unnatural.Binta Jammeh, a 29-year-old mother from Bakoteh, recalls how she had to give up her job to fully dedicate herself to the demanding roles of motherhood and being a wife.Binta's experience is a common one, yet many women suffer in silence, feeling ashamed to admit that they are struggling as they strive to avoid things that could jeopardise their marriages. ‘It’s very stressful. Having a child, you were a career woman - going to work and now everything stops. The first stress I went through was that there was no steady income for me anymore. So, if you are not very careful, sometimes it brings some friction between you and your partner when it comes to finance.’ Binta said.A CALL FOR CHANGE Among the sources of support for many struggling women, are the advocates and activists who they usually turn to when they can no longer stand the heat, especially on GBV issues.For some women, the impact of gender-based violence (GBV) compounds their mental health issues.Survivors of domestic abuse, sexual violence, and forced marriages often carry deep psychological scars. Yet, many women are urged to keep their experiences private to avoid shame. Satang Dumbuya, an Advocacy Officer at the Network Against Gender Based Violence, emphasized the need for change.‘We may not be able to do something directly for someone who is silently suffering and not talking about you. This is why we encourage reporting at all levels - family, communities and schools. We tried to reach as many places as possible to ensure that we sensitise people so they can break the silence. Your silence does not protect you.’ she said.However, a growing number of women are advocating for mental health awareness. Organizations, women’s groups, and online platforms are beginning to raise awareness about the importance of mental health among women and seeking professional help.Experts are calling for stronger government investment in mental health services, including affordable therapy and mental health education. They also urge the inclusion of ‘mental health support in community programs and religious teachings’ for women. The mental health crisis among Gambian women is an urgent issue that requires immediate attention. As women continue to speak out, there is hope that the stigma surrounding mental health struggles will diminish. For lasting change, the country must invest in mental health resources and support for women, ensuring that no one has to suffer in silence. And the biggest players in that quest are probably men, who should not only see themselves as partners of women, but as providers, protectors and big advocates of the total freedom of women. How will the country and generations be like if the key nation and generational builders (women) continue to go through psychological, mental and physical stress? Perhaps not in anyone's interest.
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